Reverend William Wheeler was one of the most enduring figures in the early history of the Royal Military College, serving as its Chaplain for nearly four decades during a formative period in the institution’s development. His tenure spanned the College’s relocation to Sandhurst, its early royal patronage, and the establishment of traditions that continue to shape the Academy today.

William Wheeler graduated from Magdalen College, Oxford, with a Master of Arts degree in 1799. He was appointed Chaplain to the Royal Military College in 1804, a post he would hold until his death in 1841. At the time, the role of chaplain extended well beyond spiritual duties. Early estimates for the College show that the Chaplain was also expected to act as Librarian and superintendent of classical instruction. The latter seen not only as the foundation of a gentleman’s education, but also of use in developing literary skills, acquiring other languages, and, where military texts were studied, a sense of military ethos and history

Financial records illustrate the value attached to Wheeler’s position. In 1808, the Chaplain’s salary was set at £250 per annum. By 1810, this had risen to £300, with additional allowances for lodging. This level of remuneration remained consistent for much of his career, indicating both stability and recognition of his long service. Wheeler remained in post until his death at Sandhurst on 29 October 1841, aged 66, the cause recorded as disease of the heart and lungs. His widow, Elizabeth, whom he had married in 1807, was granted the highest pension available to the widow of a chaplain.

Wheeler played a prominent ceremonial role during one of the most significant moments in Sandhurst’s early history. Following the completion of the main Palladian-style College building (now known as Old College) and the relocation of the Junior Department in 1812, the Royal Military College received its first royal visit on 12 August 1813.

On this occasion, Queen Charlotte formally presented Colours to the Gentlemen Cadets, praising the institution’s contribution to the struggle for the “restoration of the independence and liberties of Europe.” The Colours were subsequently consecrated in the newly completed College Chapel by Reverend Wheeler, following established regimental tradition.

‘You will, I trust, confirm the words inscribed on these Colours, equally applicable to the increasing advantages which this institution promises to the Army, and to the prowess of the nation, justly exalting in the distinguished part she has taken in a contest, the object of which is the restoration of the independence and liberties of Europe.’

HM Queen Charlotte, Sandhurst 1813

The Sandhurst Collection exists to promote military tradition and ethos to the Officer Cadets and preserve the heritage of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.The Sandhurst Collection also preserves and manages the archives of the Academy since 1947 and records from the Royal Military College Sandhurst 1799-1939 and the Royal Military Academy Woolwich 1741-1939. 

Within this collection is a medal depicting the first presentation of Colours to RMC in 1813, this medal is now displayed in the Le Merchant Room within Old College.

The orginal Chapel, which Reverend Wheeler would have preached in occupied a central position within the College complex, both physically and symbolically. It was the largest enclosed space in the main building, situated opposite the main entrance, and its clock and bell regulated daily life. This room is now known as The Indian Army Memorial room.

Wheeler’s responsibilities included conducting daily prayers, preparing cadets for confirmation, and delivering religious instruction, for which prizes were awarded.

Contemporary assessments of Wheeler’s influence are mixed but respectful. His obituary described him as an “excellent and venerable clergyman,” remembered by former pupils as both a moral guide in youth and a trusted friend in later life. While some cadets felt religious instruction could be overly formal, others recalled Wheeler as attentive to their spiritual needs. A surviving sermon from 1813 demonstrates his emphasis on virtues such as courage, self-discipline, and diligence, qualities closely aligned with the military profession.

Reverend William Wheeler’s long service helped embed religious observance, ceremony, and moral instruction at the heart of the Royal Military College during its early years, leaving a quiet but lasting legacy within the history of Sandhurst.

He was replaced as chaplain in 1843 by the Reverend Haviland Le Mesurier Chepmell.

Wheeler died on 29 Oct., 1841and is buried in plot 127 at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst Cemetery.

His grave will be lovingly restored as part of the New Heritage Project: Restoring the RMAS Cemetery. By supporting this project, you can help preserve the memory of Reverend William Wheeler and other heroes of our history, ensuring their remarkable stories continue to inspire future generations. Make a lasting contribution today by visiting here DONATE

Today, a memorial to Reverend Wheeler stands in the Royal Memorial Chapel at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.

Found this interesting, find out more about Reverend Wheeler and the RMAS library on this special online tour.